These materials were prepared on behalf of The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy. Use of these materials is permitted for public or private use, provided that acknowledgement and/or citation of The National Campaign is included where appropriate. For additional clarification or questions, please send us an email.
Data on Birth, Teen Pregnancy, and Sexual Activity |
Briefly: A National Campaign Analysis of the 2008 Teen Birth Rate (2010)
The teen birth rate for those aged 15-19 decreased 2% between 2007 and 2008, according to preliminary data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). This is the first year that the teen birth rate has decreased after two consecutive years of increases during 2005-2007.
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Briefly: Responding to the Increase in the Teen Birth Rate: Analysis From The National Campaign (2009)
The teen birth rate for those aged 15-19
increased 1% between 2006 and 2007, according to preliminary data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). This is the second straight year that the teen birth rate has increased after 14 consecutive years of declines.
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The DCR Report: Section E - The Changing Portait of Teen Childbearing Over Time (2009)
The DCR Report (Data, Charts, Research) provides in depth answers to some critical questions about teen and unplanned pregnancy. New sections with be added to the Report from time to time and readers are encouraged to check back often on this ever-evolving set of data.
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Fast Facts on Teen Pregnancy, Birth, and Sexual Activity
Our Fast Facts fact sheet series details data on teen pregnancy, birth, and childbearing including information on: race and ethnicity, sexual behavior, contraceptive use, and trends in the United States.
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Science Says #7: American Opinion on Teen Pregnancy and Related Issues (2004)
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Science Says #10: Another Chance: Preventing Additional Births to Teen Mothers (2004)
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Science Says #12: Teen Pregnancy Among Older Teens (2004)
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Science Says #31: American Opinion on Teen Pregnancy and Related Issues (2007)
This Science Says brief summarizes some of the key findings from The National Campaign to Prevent Teen
Pregnancy publication, With One Voice 2007: America’s Adults and Teens Sound Off About Teen Pregnancy.
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Science Says #37: Pregnancy and Sexual Activity Among Older Teens and Young Adults (2008)
This Science Says research brief focuses on teen pregnancy among older teens and unplanned pregnancy among young adults (age 20–24).
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Science Says #41: Socio-Economic and Family Characteristics of Teen Childbearing (2009)
To date there has been little empirical evidence to determine whether prevailing opinion is accurate regarding teens who give birth to or father a child. To help fill this gap, this fact sheet presents new findings on the socio-economic and family characteristics of teens who experience a teen birth.
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Science Says #47: Teen Childbearing in Rural America (2013)
This research brief provides the first-ever data comparing teen
childbearing in rural, suburban, and urban areas nationwide and examining how this has changed over time.
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Teen Birth Rate Increase 2006: Some Thoughts from The National Campaign
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Teen Birth Rates, 1940-2008
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Teen Births: Examining the Recent Increase (2008)
By Kristin Anderson Moore, Ph.D.
This paper reports on that conversation and considers available evidence on whether and why the teen birth rate rose between 2005 and 2006. It also raises data and research issues that should be explored to sharpen the discussion and strengthen public and private prevention efforts.
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Consequences |
Counting It Up (2011)
Research closely links teen parenthood to many negative consequences for mothers, fathers, children, and society. Counting It Up documents the public costs of teen childbearing at both the national and state level.
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Playing Catch-Up: How Children Born to Teen Mothers Fare (2005)
Children of teen mothers aged 17 and younger begin kindergarten with lower levels of school readiness than those children born to older mothers, according to new research published by The National Campaign. The report also notes that children born to mother aged 18-19 do not perform much better on most measures than children born to mothers 17 and younger.
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Science Says #11: The Relationship between
Teenage Motherhood and Marriage (2004)
Many family-related factors affect how children fare and develop over time, and marriage is one of them. Research suggests that children do best when they are raised by two parents who have a stable marriage. Yet only 20 percent of teen births occur within marriage, and teen pregnancy itself is associated with a lower likelihood of marriage. This Science Says research brief examines the effects of teenage motherhood on marriage.
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Science Says #13: Younger Siblings of Teen Parents: At Increased Risk of Teen Pregnancy? (2004)
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Science Says #23: Pregnancy Among Sexually Experienced Teens (2002)
The dramatic progress made in reducing rates of pregnancy among teens in the United States has been widely noted and justifiably celebrated. This research brief makes clear, however, that the proportion of sexually experienced teens who get pregnant or cause a pregnancy remains startlingly high.
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Science Says #30: Public Costs of Teen Childbearing (2006)
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Science Says #42: Vulnerable Youth: A Closer Look at Reproductive Health Outcomes (2009)
This Science Says brief uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to explore rates of sexual activity, contraceptive use, births, and other measures among vulnerable youth in young adulthood. The brief also examines the association between cumulative risk and later reproductive health outcomes.
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Why It Matters (2007)
Teen pregnancy is closely linked to a number of other critical issues, including overall child and family well-being. Simply put, if more children in this country were born to parents who are ready and able to care for them, we would see a significant reduction in a host of social problems in the United States, from school failure and crime to child abuse and neglect. This series of fact sheets discusses several common social issues and how they are impacted by teen pregnancy.
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Effective Programs |
Briefly: A Summary of Effective Interventions (2009)
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Copy That: Guidelines for Replicating Programs to Prevent Teen Pregnancy (2006)
Copy That makes clear that a key step to lowering teen pregnancy rates further is to extend the reach of teen pregnancy prevention programs that have been shown to have positive results. Replicating programs proven to work is an important strategy to continuing recent progress.
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Effective Programs Database
The database includes interventions that have some evidence of success in changing behavior related to teen pregnancy. More specifically, the programs had to delay the initiation of sex, improve contraceptive use, and/or decrease teen pregnancy (including secondary pregnancy/births).
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Emerging Answers 2007: New Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy - Full Report (2007)
by Douglas Kirby, Ph.D.
This comprehensive review of evaluation research offers practitioners and policymakers reviews research on a wide range of programs, including curriculum based sexuality and abstinence education for teens and pre-teens, sex education for parents, contraceptive and family planning clinics and programs, early childhood programs, youth development and service learning programs, and community based, multiple-component initiatives.
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Emerging Answers 2007: New Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy - Summary (2007)
by Douglas Kirby, Ph.D.
This comprehensive review of evaluation research offers practitioners and policymakers reviews research on a wide range of programs, including curriculum based sexuality and abstinence education for teens and pre-teens, sex education for parents, contraceptive and family planning clinics and programs, early childhood programs, youth development and service learning programs, and community based, multiple-component initiatives.
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Promoting Science Based Approaches to Teen Pregnancy Prevention Using Getting to Outcomes (PSBA-GTO) Case Studies
The purpose of the Promoting Science Based Approaches-Getting to Outcomes (PSBA-GTO) Case Study series is to showcase real-life narratives of grantees’ successes and challenges in working through the PSBA-GTO steps with local partners. The case studies provide concrete examples of how the PSBA-GTO process can be successfully implemented.
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Science Says #4: Characteristics of Effective Curriculum-Based Programs (2003)
This Science Says research brief summarizes these characteristics and offers a few additional thoughts about their wider applicability to other programs to reduce teen pregnancy. For more information about effective programs to prevent teen pregnancy more generally, please see Emerging Answers.
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Science Says #9: Early Childhood Programs (2004)
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Science Says #43: Effective and Promising Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs for Latino Youth (2010)
This research brief details six programs that have been shown through careful evaluation to either delay sex, improve contraceptive use, and/or reduce teen pregnancy. Some of the programs were designed specifically for Latino teens and some were not; those that were not designed specifically for Latinos included Latino teens as part of the program evaluation or were found to be particularly effective among Latino teens.
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Start Early, Stay Late: Linking Youth Development and Teen Pregnancy Prevention (1998)
This reader-friendly publication offers a concise look at what those in the teen pregnancy prevention community can learn from youth development programs. Based in part on a youth development conference sponsored by The National Campaign, the National Urban League, and Girls, Inc., the booklet offers several general principles and specific strategies from youth development programs and includes a foreword by Douglas Kirby, Ph.D.
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What Helps in Providing Contraceptive Services for Teens?
What helps in providing contraceptive services for teens? Over the years, The National Campaign has produced and disseminated a number of detailed reports and publications designed to answer this question. Here, in shorthand form, is an overview of what is known about carefully evaluated clinic interventions that help prevent teen pregnancy.
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What Works: Curriculum-Based Programs That Prevent Teen Pregnancy
This pamphlet presents a succinct overview of what is known about carefully evaluated interventions that help prevent teen pregnancy, including a list of effective programs, selected program effects, contact information, as well as direct links to resources providing additional program and evaluation information. The pamphlet offers advice on how to choose a program, catalogs the characteristics of effective programs, and offers some words of caution about what an effective program actually can accomplish.
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Prevention |
Critical Judgment: How Juvenile and Family Court Judges Can Help Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy (2009)
The National Campaign and the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges (NCJFCJ) have joined forces to help address teen pregnancy and unplanned pregnancy among single, young adults in Juvenile and Family Courts. This publication provides the results of a survey of NCJFCJ members on teen and unplanned pregnancy and related issues as well as a summary of focus groups held with Juvenile and Family Court judges, a detailed case study of how one Miami judge deals with teen and unplanned pregnancy, and a brief look at efforts from other localities.
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Get Organized: A Guide to Preventing Teen Pregnancy (1999)
The National Campaign, in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is pleased to offer Get Organized: A Guide to Preventing Teen Pregnancy, a practical manual for people who are interested in taking action to prevent teen pregnancy in their communities. The three-volume, 17-chapter publication covers a lot of ground - from strategies for involving boys and men and for reaching out to religious leaders to practical advice about how to raise money and to conduct program evaluation. Yet it remains easy to read and simple to use, with many checklists and examples from promising programs around the country.
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Provider's Perspectives: Perceived Barriers to Contraceptive Use in Youth and Young Adults (2008)
In 2008, The National Campaign partnered with the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals (ARHP) to learn more about providers’ perspectives of unintended pregnancy and barriers to more effective contraceptive use. This 23-page report identifies a set of concrete action steps that The NC/ARHP can work on to help prevent unintended pregnancy.
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Start Early, Stay Late: Linking Youth Development and Teen Pregnancy Prevention (1998)
This reader-friendly publication offers a concise look at what those in the teen pregnancy prevention community can learn from youth development programs. Based in part on a youth development conference sponsored by The National Campaign, the National Urban League, and Girls, Inc., the booklet offers several general principles and specific strategies from youth development programs and includes a foreword by Douglas Kirby, Ph.D.
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Science Says #43: Effective and Promising Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs for Latino Youth (2010)
This research brief details six programs that have been shown through careful evaluation to either delay sex, improve contraceptive use, and/or reduce teen pregnancy. Some of the programs were designed specifically for Latino teens and some were not; those that were not designed specifically for Latinos included Latino teens as part of the program evaluation or were found to be particularly effective among Latino teens.
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Ten Tips for Parents To Help Their Children Avoid Teen Pregnancy (2008)
Revised in 2008, this research-based list of practical tips is designed to help parents and adults help the young people in their lives avoid pregnancy and pass safely through adolescence.
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Terms of Engagement: How to Involve Parents in Programs to Prevent Teen Pregnancy (2006)
This publication offers practical advice on how to involve parents in programs to prevent teen pregnancy.
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